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Scottish history.
History of the major battles during the Jacobite Rebellion and other
periods in early Scottish history.
Potted history of Scottish Battles (click the bullet to view
information)
 | Jacobite Rebellion
 | Battle of Culloden
 | After the battle of Falkirk, the Jacobite army marched
towards Inverness closely followed by the Duke of
Cumberland's English army. On 16th April 1746, the Duke
forced a confrontation at Culloden Moor. The Jacobite army
were outnumbered and outmaneuvered by Cumberland's army and
when they turned to flee they were cut down by the Royal
Cavalry. The Duke earned the nickname the Butcher because of
his ruthless slaughter of the Jacobites at Culloden Moor. |
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| Battle of Falkirk
| On January 17th 1746, the Jacobite army reached Falkirk.
It was here that Lord George Murray decided to take on the
English army under the command of General Henry Hawley. The
charge of the highlanders managed to break the line formed
by the English army and consequently allowed the rebels to
capture approximately 700 men and kill c. 600. Jacobite
losses were c. 150. |
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| Battle of Preston Pans
| Battle of Prestonpans. Bonnie Prince
Charlie, after landing at Glenfinnan, in his bid to gain the British
Throne. Lord George Murray with an army of 2,000 Jacobite's
marched
southward where they were meet at Prestonpans by General Sir John
Cope and a Royal army of 3,000 men On the 21st September. The Jacobite's
charged the government troops and routed them. hundreds of Government
troops were killed or wounded and over 1,000 were captured. with the Jacobite
losses less than 150. With
this victory Charles Edward Stuart and the Jacobite army marched southwards
into England capturing the towns of Carlisle, Penrith, Lancaster and Preston and
getting as far as Nottingham before lack of supplies and new recruits forced him
to heads back to Scotland. |
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| Battle of Killiecrankie
| The battle was fought in order to put down the rebellion
started by Viscount Dundee (otherwise known as John Graham
of Claverhouse). General Hugh Mackay was sent by King
William III into the county of Perth. Viscount Dundee
decided to ambush the larger English force at the pass of
Killiecrankie on 27th July 1689. Mackays forces were
surprised and defeated with many either killed or captured.
Unfortunately Dundee himself was killed in the assault and
from here on the rebellion would begin to die out. |
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| William Wallace
| With Edward I absent from Scotland the land soon slips once more into
open insurrection. Though not of noble birth William Wallace, by brutally
slaying the Sheriff of Lanark in vengeance for the murder of Wallace's new
bride and her servants, soon comes to embody the Scottish Nationalist
cause. Through his popularity and military skill, he is able to rapidly
unify the rebellious bands into a single, cohesive fighting force. An
English army is sent north to defeat the Scots and capture Wallace and the
only noble to come to Wallace's assistance, is his friend Andrew Murray.
Other Scottish landowners are too timid and fear the consequences. |
| Battle of Stirling Bridge.
| After Edward 1st proclaimed himself King of
Scotland Sir William Wallace rallied Scots in the South West and began
attacking English occupying forces around Scotland. Edward I ordered the
Earl of Surrey to put down the rebellion, after taking the surrender of
rebel forces at Irvine the Earl of Surrey marched against William
Wallace's forces at Stirling. He ordered his army to cross the narrow
bridge over the Forth River near the Abbey of Cambuskenneth on September
11th. From a vantage point overlooking the bridge William Wallace
watched and waited until the English army of 5,000 had crossed Stirling
bridge and with the bridge being crowded with troops he launched his
attack with his entire force wiping out the entire bridgehead. The rest
of the English army fell back but William Wallace pursued. After this
defeat English forces were evacuated south as far as the River Tweed. |
Stirling Bridge
The
Political Situation in 1297-The political situation, which
brought about the battle of Stirling Bridge, was very
complicated. In
1286, when by a succession of unforeseen calamities the Throne
of Scotland became vacant, there were thirteen competitors for
it, but two only had claims worthy of consideration.
Some application to the Plantageant King of England,
Edward I, was made by the estates of Scotland, the nature of
which was unrecorded, but Edward gladly accepted the proposed
position of arbitratorm being anxious to utilise the opportunity
of bringing the whole island of Great Britain under his rule.
The Scottish nobility and clergy met king Edward at
Norham Castle on May 12th, 1291, on the south bank of
the tweed, in a conference which extended over a month, when it
was agreed that the two selected competitors, Baliol and Bruce,
should each nominate 40 members of a commission to inquire into
their respective claims, and report to King Edward, who was
empowered to nominate 24 Commissioners and, if he wished, any
additional members. On
June 11th, 1291, the regent formally handed over the
Kingdom of Scotland and its castles to Edward, he promising to
give them back in two months of the announcements of his award.
A week later Baliol and Bruce, with many nobles, swore
featly to King Edward who travelled through the country
obtaining signatures from bishops, nobles, clergy, burgesses,
and traders, acknowledging that they were the King’s vassals.
In November, King Edward gave his decision in favour of
Bailol, who swore fealty to him, and after being crowned at
Scone, did homage to the King at Newcastle on December 26th-
E.W. The year after
Bailiol was crowned trouble arose between king Edward and Philip
the fair of France, with whom King Edward had recently
quarrelled. In a
quarrel between English and Norman sailors at Bayonne, a Norman
was killed, and the English authorities of that town refused to
take action in the matter.
The Normans received the first ship coming out from the
anchorage, and hanged a merchant from the yardarm, with a dog
tied to his feet. The
Cinque Ports proceeded to hang every Norman they could catch,
and a fight took place off the coast of Brittany, in which an
English and Gascon fleet defeated 200 French and Norman vessels.
Preparations to Invade Franc.
King Philip the Fair summoned King Edward, as Duke of
Aquitaine, to appear before him at Paris and answer for his
conduct; Edward sent Edmund, his brother, a simple-minded man,
as his deputy, who handed over the castles pending a decision,
and after a long inquiry Philip sentenced Duke Edward to lose
Aquitaine. The
matter was, however, later arranged, but Philip declined to give
back the castles, as he had undertaken to do, within forty days,
and Edward prepared an army in Hampshire to invade France. |
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| Battle of Falkirk 1298.
| King Edward decided to take control of the English army as
they tried to quell the Scottish rebellion led by Sir
William Wallace. When both armies met at Falkirk, the Scots
had set up a strong defensive position using schiltrons
(circles of men) made of spearmen. Edwards knights charged
the Scots and although they were heavily armoured, were
beaten back by the mass of spears. Edward then switched to
his longbow archers who managed to create a few gaps and
allow the knights to penetrate. With swords drawn the
knights quickly cut down the Scots and only a few men
escaped including Wallace. William Wallace was finally
caught at Glasgow in 1305 and taken to Tyburn where he was
hung, drawn and quartered. Robert VIII (Robert the Bruce)
took over the fight later becoming Robert I of Scotland. |
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| Robert the Bruce
| In 1306 Robert the Bruce was
crowned King of the Scots. In 1309 Bruce controlled most
of Scotland north of the Firth and Clyde. Over the next
few years Bruce conquered the English Garrisons of Perth,
Dundee, Roxburgh, Dumfries and St. Andrews, leaving only
Stirling in English hands. On 24th June 1314 Robert the
Bruce defeated the English army at Bannockburn. The war
dragged on until the peace treaty was signed in 1328,
recognising Robert the Bruce as King Robert I of Scotland,
and Scotland an independent Kingdom. He died the
following year. |
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| Bannockburn.
| With the full might of England's army gathered before the besieged Stirling
Castle, Edward II Plantagenet is confident of victory. To the west of
Bannockburn, Robert Bruce, King of Scots, kneels to pray with his men
and commends his soul to God. Patiently awaiting the coming onslaught
in tightly packed schiltroms, his spearmen and archers are well prepared
for battle. Unknown to the English, the open marsh of no man's land conceals
hidden pits and calthrops, major obstacles for any mounted charge. Despite
Clifford's and Beaumont's premature and unsuccessful attempt to relieve
Stirling the day before, years of victory have caused the brave English
knights to regard their Scottish foes with contempt. So, without waiting
for the 'flower of the forest' (archers) to weaken the enemy formations,
the order is hurriedly given to attack! With one rush, hundreds of mounted
knights led by the impetuous Earl of Gloucester, thunder headlong through
the boggy ground straight for the impenetrable mass of spears, hurling
themselves into defeat and death. With dash and courage the knights try
to force a way through but the infantry stand firm. There is no room to
manoeuvre. Everywhere horses and men crash to the ground. Casualties amongst
the English nobility are horrific. Bruce seizes the moment and orders
the exultant army to advance. The English recoil and are pushed back into
the waters of the Bannockburn where many perish in the crush to escape
the deadly melee. Edward II, his army destroyed, flees with his bodyguard
for the safety of the castle but is refused refuge and has to fight his
way south to England. For Robert Bruce and Scotland, victory is complete. |
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| Mary Queen of Scots (Mary Stuart) |
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Other Battles of the Jacobite Insurrection in Ireland
and Scotland 1689-1691; 1715; 1745
| 1689 Londonderry |
| 1690 Boyne River
| William III against James II in Ireland.
July 1st the Duke Friedrich von Schomberg forced a passage
through the Boyne while another group crossed the river further
up. By this manoeuvre James II's army was routed by William's
army. James fled to France and was welcomed by Louis XIV. By the
end of the year the Duke of Marlborough had subdued the
insurrections in southern Ireland. |
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| 1691 Aughrim |
| 1691 Limerick |
| 1692 Glencoe |
| 1715 Sheriffmuir |
| 1715 Preston |
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Halidon Hill
Bruce,
who had won his throne by his sword, and confirmed its independence by a
written treaty, died in 1329, and his son, David II a minor, was left
under the care of Randolph, Earl of Moray, as Regent of the realm.
About this time Edward Baliol, son of John, the whilom puppet king
of Scotland, was discovered in a French prison by the Lord Beaumont, an
English baron, and deeming young Baliol a suitable instrument for his
purpose, induces him to revive his claim to the Scottish Crown.
Many other English nobles, having obtained grants of Baliol’s
imaginary estates in Scotland, saw the utility of Baliol in stirring up a
new war nearly twenty years after Bannockburn.
They applied to King Edward for his concurrence in their plan;
though he wished the enterprise well, he was ashamed to avow his approval
of it. He was afraid that
injustice would be imputed to him if he attacked with superior force of a
minor king-a boy and a brother-in-law-whose independent title had been so
lately confirmed by treaty after terrible bloodshed; but he secretly
encouraged Baliol in his claim, connived at the muster of his forces in
the north, and gave countenance to all who were disposed to join him.
This adventurer, with only 3,000 men, landed on the coast of Fife,
and marching into the heart of the country, defeated the Earl of Mar, of
whose force 12,000 are alleged to have been slain.
Baliol
Offers to do Homage
Baliol now made himself
master of Perth, and at Scone was crowned by his followers as “King of
Scotland.” But he lost his
imaginary power almost as quickly as he won it, being unexpectedly
attacked near Annan by Sir Archibald Douglas and other loyal chieftains,
who routed him, slew his brother John, and chased him in a wretched plight
home to England. In this
extremity, the servile but ambitious Baliol had again recourse to Edward
III., without whose assistance he saw that his designs on the Scottish
crown were vein. He offered,
if it were obtained for him, to do homage for it, to acknowledge
Edward’s superiority over it, to espouse the Princess Jane, or do
anything else his patron wished; and then, ambitious of emulating his
predecessors, the third Edward put himself at the head of the powerful
army in order to involve the affairs of Scotland once more in blood and
confusion, and to place Baliol on the throne.
King
Edward before Berwick
The
capture and reduction of Berwick was the first object of the English King;
and on uniting his forces with the malcontents of Baliol, he sat down
before the town and closely invested it by land and sea.
The governor vigorously defended it.
Sir William Seton, who repulsed an attempt to take the town by
storm, and also contrived to burn a portion of the English fleet.
The siege now became a blockade, and the inhabitants were reduced
to such distress that they agreed to surrender if not relieved by a
Scottish army before a certain day, giving hostages to Edward in the
meantime, and among these was young Seton, the Governor’s son.
Sir William Keith, at the head of a body of Scots, succeeded in
cutting his way into the town; he was chosen Governor by the garrison, and
refused to comply with the king of England’s second summons to
capitulate.
Edward then threatened to put the hostages to death.
The Scots could not believe he would be guilty of an act so
infamous, and remained firm. Nevertheless,
they were all put to death, and Thomas Secton, “a brave and handsome
young man, was hanged so near the walls that his father could witness his
dying struggles.” Horror-struck
by this scene, the citizens of Berwick clamoured on Keith to surrender,
lest worst should befall them at the hands of one so merciless; and he
promised to them and to Edward “that the town and castle of Berwick
should e unconditionally given up before the hour of vespers, on the 19th
July, unless the Scots in the meanwhile could reinforce the garrison with
200 men at arms, or defeat the English in a pitched battle.”
The Relief Army
Arrives
To
prevent the loss of so important a frontier town, the Scottish army, under
the new regent, crossed the Tweed on July 18th, and encamped at
Dunse Park, a few miles north of Berwick.
Archibald Douglas, Lord of Galloway, who led them, was the brother
of Bruce’s comrade, the good Sir James, who had fallen in battle against
the Moors of Spain. He was a
brave man but an imprudent leader, and was neglecting the dying advice of
King Robert, “that the fate of the kingdom should never, if possible,
depend on the doubtful issue of a general engagement.”
He found the English army strongly posted on the crest of an
eminence called Halidon Hill, situated to the westward of the town, with a
great body of Irish in their ranks under Lord Darcy.
Of their strength and particular disposition history fails to
inform us, save that the traitor Baliol commanded one of the wings, and
that a marshy hollow lay in front of their line.
The regent of Scotland divided his army into four columns.
John, Earl of Moray, son of the veteran Randolph; led the first but
being young and inexperienced, he had to assist him two well tried
soldiers, John and Simon Fraser, of Olive Castle, whose father was killed
at the battle of Duplin (1332). The
second was led by the Steward of Scotland, a boy of sixteen, assisted by
his uncle, Sir James Stewart, of Rosythe, in Fifeshire.
The regent himself, having with him the Earl of Carrick; led the
third and the fourth, or reserve, was led by Hugh, Earl of Ross.
Historians variously state the numbers of the Scottish army.
The continuator of Hemingford, an author of that age, and Knyghton,
who lived shortly after, ascertain their strength with more precision than
is generally required by historical facts.
The former records the Scottish force to have been, besides Earls
and the other great lords and barons, 55 knights, 1,100 men-at-arms on
horseback, and 13,500 of the commons, lightly armed-in all 14,655 men-but
the servants pages, and camp followers were more numerous than the actual
combatants. At noon on July
19th they advanced to decide the fate of Berwick, but their
leaders exhibited a deplorable lack of all military skill.
As the English were so posted that cavalry could not attack them,
the whole of the Scottish knights and men at-arms dismounted, committed
their horses to their pages, and prepared to fight on foot.
While drawing near they were severely galled by the English
archers, but managed to reach the intervening morass in very good order;
but then the disasters of the day began.
Impeded in their advance by the soft and spongy nature of the
ground, their remakes became broken; while from the crest of the hill the
archers poured on them volley after volley of arrows with certain aim and
fatal effect. An ancient
writer, quoted by Tytler, says, “These arrows flew as thick as motes in
the sunbeam,” and every instant hundreds were wounded or slain.
Yet the four columns cleared the swamp, and writhe levelled lances,
18 feet in length, made so furious an uphill charge upon the English, that
for a few minutes the ranks of the latter were broken, and defeat seemed
at hand till their reserve came on. Then,
breathless and disordered by their ascent of the eminence, the ill-fated
and ill-led Scots were unable to sustain the ground they had won.
The Victory
After a
brief but terrible struggle they were borne down the hill towards the
swamp. The Earl of Ross, in
leading the reserve to attack the flank of the wing led by Baliol, was
killed. Fighting in the van,
the Regent received a mortalwound, and was taken prisoner, with the Earls
of Sutherland and Menteith. The
Scots gave way on all hands, and as the pages were the first to fly with
the horses very few of the nobles or men-at-arms escaped in the bloody
pursuit that ensued and was continued for some miles, chiefly by the Irish
kerns under Lord Darcy. Four
thousand Scots and more lay dead on the field.
Among these were the aged Malcolm, Earl of Lennox, one of the
earliest adherents of Robert Bruce; Alexander Bruce, Earl of Carrick; John
Campbell, Earl of Athole, nephew of the late king; John Graham, Alexander
Lindesay, and other great barons; the two Frasers; and John, James, and
Alan Stuart. “It may br
remarked,” says Lord Hailes, “that a Haildon two Stewarts fought under
the banner of their Chief-Alan of Dreghorn, the paternal ancestor of
Charles I.; and James of Rosythe, the, maternal ancestor of Oliver
Cromewell.” Rapin, from an
old authority, states the number of states the number of Scots killed as
36,907 of all ranks, more than twice the number of men on the field.
The victory was won with very inconsiderable loss.
English historians that on the side of their countrymen there were
killed one-knight, one esquire, and twelve-foot soldiers relate it.
“Nor will this appear incredible,” says Lord Hailes, “When we
remember that the English ranks remained unbroken, and that their archers,
at a secure distance, incessantly annoyed the Scottish infantry.”
Aware that it had been provided by the
treaty of capitulation “that Berwick should be considered as relieved in
case 200 men-at-arms forced a passage into the town,” the Scottish
men-at-arms during the action had made a vigorous effort to achieve this,
but were opposed by Edward in person, and repulsed with great loss; and
after this great loss; and after this disastrous battle, on July 20th
the town and castle of Berwick were surrendered according to the
agreement.
After the battle of Halidon Hill, Edward once more over ran the
country. He again seized the
garrisoned the castles, again exacted public homage from Baliol, and
compelled him to cede Berwick, Roxburgh, Edinburgh Dunbar, and all the
southern eastern counties of Scotland-the best and most fertile portions
of the kingdom-which were declared to be part and parcel of England.
Edward left an army of Irish and English to support his vassal in
his fragment of a kingdom, but no sooner did he turn homewards than in the
indignant Scots rose against Baliol and compelled him to seek refuge
amongst the English garrisons of the south of Scotland.
During the next year or so Edward was obliged to make fresh
expeditions into Scotland to support Baliol, and in the result the Scots
sought and obtained the aid of France, the Throne of which Edward claimed
in the right of his mother. The
long wars with France that followed undoubtedly proved the salvation of
Scotland, for the English had not sufficient resources to carry out the
great ambitions of Edward. |
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The Battle of Stirling Bridge by Brian Palmer.
After Edward 1st proclaimed himself King of Scotland Sir William Wallace rallied Scots in the South West and began attacking English occupying forces around Scotland. Edward I ordered the Earl of Surrey to put down the rebellion, after taking the surrender of rebel forces at Irvine the Earl of Surrey marched against William Wallaces forces at Stirling. He ordered his army to cross the narrow bridge over the Forth River near the Abbey of Cambuskenneth on September 11th. From a vantage point overlooking the bridge William Wallace watched and waited until the English army of 5,000 had crossed Stirling bridge and with the bridge being crowded with troops he launched his attack with his entire force wiping out the entire bridgehead. The rest of the English army fell back but William Wallace pursued. After this defeat English forces were evacuated south as far as the River Tweed.
Signed limited edition of 1150 prints. Image size 25 inches x 15 inches (64cm x 38cm). Price £95.00
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Restricted edition of individually produced mugs, exclusively available from Cranston Fine Arts. - Single mug only. Standard size earthenware mug, produced in the UK.. Price £12.00
ITEM CODE DHM1129
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The Battle of Loudon Hill 1296 by Mike Shaw.
In 1296 an English convoy escorting a shipment of looted gold was passing through the Irvine valley to the port of Ayr. It was led by an English Knight by the name of Fenwick, who in 1291 had killed the father of William Wallace, Sir Malcolm. Wallace, who was fighting a guerilla war on the English invaders, planned an attack at Loudon Hill where the road on which Fenwicks convoy was travelling had to pass through a steep gorge. Wallace had about fifty men and Fenwick close to one hundred and eighty. The Scots blocked the road with debris and attacked on foot. The English charged, but the Scots held firm. Fenwick armed with a spear, turned his horse in the direction of Wallace, who in turn felled Fenwicks horse with his claymore. The unhorsed Englishman was no match on the ground where he, along with one hundred of his convoy, met their deaths.
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ITEM CODE DHM1508
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The Taking of Stirling Bridge by Mike Shaw.
The taking of Stirling Bridge over the Forth by the Scots marks the point where the first great battle of the Scottish wars of independence was won. The heavily equipped English army, now divided into two, struggle to fight in the heavy ground of the river plain. In the centre the Scots Captain Wallace can be seen slaying treasurer Cressingham, while to the right lies a fatally wounded Sir Andrew de Moray.
Signed limited edition of 1150 prints. Image size 25 inches x 15 inches (64cm x 38cm). Price £95.00
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Original painting by Mike Shaw. Image size 56 inches x 42 inches (142cm x 104cm). Price £9000.00
Postcard size 6 inches x 4 inches (15cm x 10cm). Price £2.00
ITEM CODE DHM1246
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William Wallace Before the Battle of Stirling Bridge by Mark Churms.
With Edward I absent from Scotland the land soon slips once more into open insurrection. Though not of noble birth, William Wallace, by brutally slaying the Sheriff of Lanark in vengeance for the murder of Wallaces new bride and her servants, soon comes to embody the Scottish Nationalist cause. Through his popularity and military skill, he is able to rapidly unify the rebellious bands into a single, cohesive fighting force. An English army is sent north to defeat the Scots and capture Wallace and the only noble to come to Wallaces assistance, is his friend Andrew Murray. Other Scottish landowners are too timid and fear the consequences. The armies meet at Stirling and the English begin to deploy across the narrow wooden bridge which spans the River Forth. Whilst the English commanders bicker about their battle plan, Wallace seizes the moment and blows his horn. Upon this signal, the massed ranks of Scottish spearmen charge forward across the open boggy ground towards the bridge!
Signed limited edition of 2500 prints. Image size 16 inches x 24 inches (41cm x 61cm). Price £60.00
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Original painting by Mark Churms. Image size 40 inches x 30 inches (102cm x 76cm). Price £6000.00
ITEM CODE DHM0364
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Robert the Bruce by Chris Collingwood.
In 1306 Robert the Bruce was crowned King of the Scots. In 1309 Bruce controlled most of Scotland north of the Firth and Clyde. Over the next few years Bruce conquered the English Garrisons of Perth, Dundee, Roxburgh, Dumfries and St. Andrews, leaving only Stirling in English hands. On 24th June 1314 Robert the Bruce defeated the English army at Bannockburn. The war dragged on until the peace treaty was signed in 1328, recognising Robert the Bruce as King Robert I of Scotland, and Scotland an independent Kingdom. He died the following year.
Signed limited edition of 1150 prints. Image size 25 inches x 17 inches (64cm x 43cm). Price £95.00
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Original painting by Chris Collingwood. Image size 40 inches x 30 inches (102cm x 76cm). Price £10500.00
Postcard size 6 inches x 4 inches (15cm x 10cm). Price £2.00
ITEM CODE DHM0900
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In Single Combat by Mark Churms.
Robert The Bruce dispatches Sir Henry De Bohun before the Battle of Bannockburn. Far ahead of Edward IIs main army, marching from Falkirk to relieve Stirling Castle, rides the English vanguard. Late on that day, 23rd June 1314, these horsemen advance along the Roman road and cross Bannockburn. Eager for combat Gloucesters bold Barons and Knights spur on their chargers towards the gathered Scottish infantry. Robert the Bruce, King of Scots, not yet fully dressed for battle, sits astride a grey pony. He rides out ahead of his formations to observe the enemys advance. One of the English Knights, Sir Henry De Bohun, seeing the Kings vulnerable position, gallops ahead of his fellows to engage Bruce in single combat. Undaunted, the King holds his ground. Skillfully turning his mount away from the thrust of the Knights deadly lance in one movement he swings his battle axe down upon his enemys head with such force that the handle is shattered and the unfortunate attackers skull is split in two. In triumph, Bruce returns to the cheers of his countrymen who before the day is out will soon deliver a similar fate upon many other English noblemen. As the light fades the Riders retire but both armies know well that the main battle of Bannockburn has yet to begin.
Signed limited edition of 1000 prints. Image size 15 inches x 23 inches (38cm x 58cm). Price £140.00
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Original painting by Mark Churms. Massive Saving! Was £7200. Image size 36 inches x 24 inches (91cm x 61cm). Price £5500.00
Postcard size 6 inches x 4 inches (15cm x 10cm). Price £2.00
ITEM CODE DHM0257
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The Battle of Bannockburn by Mark Churms.
With the full might of Englands Army now gathered to do battle before the besieged Stirling Castle, the young Edward II Plantagenate is confident of victory over the enemy. To the west of the Bannockburn, Robert Bruce, King of Scots kneels to pray with his men and commends his soul to God. The Scottish battle lines are prepared. The Cavalry is in reserve to the rear behind the spearmen and archers (known as Flower of the forest) in tightly packed Schiltrons patiently awaiting the coming onslaught. Unknown to the English, the open marshy ground of no mans land conceals hidden pits and trenches, major obstacles for any mounted charge. Despite Cliffords and de Beaumonts premature and unsuccessful attempt to relieve the castle the day before, years of victory have taught the brave English knights to regard their Scottish foes with contempt. So, without waiting for the bowmen to effectively weaken the enemy lines the order is hurriedly given to attack! With one rush hundreds of mounted knights led by the impetuous Earl of Gloucester thunder headlong through the boggy ground straight for the impenetrable forest of spears and into defeat and death. With dash and courage the knights try to force a way through the mass of spears but the Scots stand firm. The momentum of the charge is lost and there is no room to manoeuvre. Everywhere horses and men crash to the ground, casualties amongst the English are horrific. Robert Bruce seizes the moment and orders the exultant army to advance. The Englishmen are slowly pushed back into the waters of the Bannockburn. All discipline is lost as the soldiers and horses madly scramble for the far bank of the burn. Many drown or perish in the crush to escape the deadly melee. Edward II, with his army destroyed, flees with his bodyguard for the safety of Stirling Castle but is refused refuge and has to fight his way south to England. For Robert Bruce and Scotland victory is complete.
Text by Paul Scarron-Jones.
Open edition print. Image size 32 inches x 15 inches (81cm x 38cm). Price £80.00
Limited edition of 50 artist proofs. Image size 32 inches x 15 inches (81cm x 38cm). Price £135.00
Open edition print. Image size 21 inches x 10 inches (53cm x 25cm). Price £45.00
Artist signed edition print. Image size 12 inches x 5 inches (30cm x 13cm). Price £20.00
Original painting by Mark Churms. Image size 78 inches x 40 inches (198cm x 102cm). Price £19000.00
Postcard size 6 inches x 4 inches (15cm x 10cm). Price £2.00
ITEM CODE DHM0298
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The Battle of Bannockburn by Brian Palmer.
Robert the Bruces Scots army stand fast as the English knights attack. Robert the Bruce succeeds in defeating the English army at Stirling. With the full might of Englands army gathered before the besieged Stirling Castle, Edward II Plantagenate is confident of victory. To the west of Bannockburn, Robert Bruce, King of Scots, kneels to pray with his men and commends his soul to God. Patiently awaiting the coming onslaught in tightly packed schiltroms, his spearmen and archers are well prepared for battle. Unknown to the English, the open marsh of no mans land conceals hidden pits and calthrops, major obstacles for any mounted charge. Despite Cliffords and Beaumonts premature and unsuccessful attempt to relieve Stirling the day before, years of victory have caused the brave English knights to regard t | |
