Alexander the Great

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History of Alexander the Great's battles fought during the fourth century BC. Alexander the Great, though he died young, had many battles against the Persian Empire. Click the battle name to view information.

Battle of Issus (Macedonian Conquests) 333BC
After Alexander the Great's invasion of the Persian Empire he moved towards the Syrian coast. As he came upon the village of Issus, Darius III formed an army and positioned them behind the Pinarus River. Alexander and his Macedonian army raced across the shallow river and breached Darius' line, where the heavy cavalry struck at the Greek phalanx. The entire line wavered and broke leaving Darius to flee with his army while the Greek mercenaries died where they stood.
Darius III offered to surrender all of Asia to the west of the Euphrates and give 10,000 talents as tribute. Alexander demanded unconditional surrender.
Battle of Guagamela (Against Darius)
The Battle of Guagamela 1st October 331BC, Alexander marched to Tyre, then to Eastwood to cross the Euphrates and the River Tigris. Alexander was offered by Darius a large quantity of gold (worth over 500million pounds in today's terms), half his kingdom and the hand of his daughter. Alexander refused and a moth later the battle took place. Alexander was outnumbered 4 to 1 but he noticed a weak spot in the Persian line. He led the charge which was a great success and Darius fled the field. Seeing this panic spread through the Persian forces, Darius's army crumbled. Later Darius was murdered by Persian nobles.
Battle of Hydaspes (Against King Porus)
During the Macedonian conquests in 326BC at the tributary at Hydaspes (now Jhelem) of the Indus River, King Porus and his Indian army blocked Alexander the Great's advance with some 50,000 troops leaving 40,000, the bulk of his army, on the west bank of the river. Alexander the Great crossed the Indus river using makeshift pontoons with 14,000 picked cavalry and infantry. The following day he attacked the flank of King Porus' position, after 8 hours of hard fighting, Alexander the Great's army routed the Indians, taking 9,000 prisoner including King Porus and killing 12,000. The Macedonian army lost 980 men and this was the last battle of the Asian conquest as Alexander's army rebelled and refused to go further.
Porus had a very large army which included 200 war elephants. The battle saw a charge by the elephants, against the Macedonian forces, which began to look successful. Seeing this, Porus' Cavalry charged, against Alexander's cavalry (in this period it was very unusual to have cavalry contact). The elephant charge began to falter and the battle edged towards victory for Alexander. Due to his admiration of Porus as a leader, Alexander granted him honourable terms and built an alliance with him. His army was not so fortunate, with 3,000 cavalry lost and 20,000 infantry killed.

During the Macedonian conquests in 326BC at the tributary at Hydaspes (now Jhelem) of the Indus River, King Porus and his Indian army blocked Alexander the Great's advance with some 50,000 troops leaving 40,000, the bulk of his army, on the west bank of the river. Alexander the Great crossed the Indus river using makeshift pontoons with 14,000 picked cavalry and infantry. The following day he attacked the flank of King Porus' position, after 8 hours of hard fighting, Alexander the Great's army routed the Indians, taking 9,000 prisoner including King Porus and killing 12,000. The Macedonian army lost 980 men and this was the last battle of the Asian conquest as Alexander's army rebelled and refused to go further.

Alexander at Arbela, Plain of Gaugamela, Iraq, 331BC by David Pentland.

Flanked by his Companion heavy cavalry, Alexander, King of Macedon, led the charge which broke through the left wing of the Persian army, and forced Darius, the Great King, to flee the battlefield. Persian success against his own left wing forced him to delay his pursuit of the routed troops, but by the end of the day the battle was won, and the heart of the Persian empire lay at his feet.

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Limited edition of 50 artist proofs. Image size 24 inches x 15 inches (61cm x 38cm). Price £130.00


Limited edition of 50 giclee canvas prints. Image size 36 inches x 24 inches (91cm x 61cm). Price £480.00


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Original painting by David Pentland. Image size 36 inches x 24 inches (91cm x 61cm). Price £2360.00


**Signed limited edition of 1150 prints. (2 copies reduced to clear) Image size 24 inches x 15 inches (61cm x 38cm). Price £65.00

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O Safe Home by Ivan Berryman.

O Safe Home by Ivan Berryman.

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Alexander the Greats Victory at Hydaspes River by Brian Palmer.

Alexander the Greats Victory at Hydaspes River During the Macedonian conquests in 326BC at the tributary at Hydaspes (now Jhelem) of the Indus River, King Porus and his Indian army blocked Alexander the Greats advance with some 50,000 troops leaving 40,000, the bulk of his army, on the west bank of the river. Alexander the Great crossed the Indus river using makeshift pontoons with 14,000 picked cavalry and infantry. The following day he attacked the flank of King Porus position, after 8 hours of hard fighting, Alexander the Greats army routed the Indians, taking 9,000 prisoner including King Porus and killing 12,000. The Macedonian army lost 980 men and this was the last battle of the Asian conquest as Alexanders army rebelled and refused to go further.

Signed limited edition of 1150 prints. Image size 25 inches x 15 inches (64cm x 38cm). Price £95.00


Limited edition of 50 artist proofs. Image size 25 inches x 15 inches (64cm x 38cm). Price £130.00


Limited edition of 50 giclee canvas prints. Image size 30 inches x 20 inches (76cm x 51cm). Price £460.00


Original painting by Brian Palmer. Image size 30 inches x 20 inches (76cm x 51cm). Price £2400.00


Postcard size 6 inches x 4 inches (15cm x 10cm). Price £2.00

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Eastward the Empire by Tom Lovell.

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Eastward the Empire by Tom Lovell.

The Hellespont behind him, 22 year old Alexander splashes ashore onto Asian soil. In a prelude to conquest he makes a pilgrimage to Troy to pay homage at the tomb of Achilles, Greek hero of the Trojan War. Exchanging some of his armour for a sacred shield from the temple of Athena, he carried it throughout his campaigns.

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The Last Great Battle by Tom Lovell.

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The Last Great Battle by Tom Lovell.

Alexanders infantry and cavalry overwhelm the Indian army of King Porus at the Jhelum River. Maddened by the disaster the kings elephants kept colliding with friends and foes alike, according to Arrian. Soon after the victory, Alexanders men, weary and homesick, demanded that he turn back.

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Defeat of Porus by Alexander the Great 326BC by Francois Louis Joseph Watteau.

Battle of Hydaspes. Porus had a very large army which included 200 war elephants. The battle saw a charge by the elephants, against the Macedonian forces, which began to look successful. Seeing this, Porus Cavalry charged, against Alexanders cavalry (in this period it was very unusual to have cavalry contact) The elephant charge began to falter and the battle edged towards victory for Alexander. Due to his admiration of Porus as a leader, Alexander granted him honourable terms and built an alliance with him. His army was not so fortunate, with 3,000 cavalry lost and 20,000 infantry killed.

Open edition print. Image size 24 inches x 14 inches (61cm x 36cm). Price £43.00


Open edition print. Image size 12 inches x 7 inches (31cm x 18cm). Price £14.00


**Open edition print. (One copy reduced to clear) Image size 24 inches x 14 inches (61cm x 36cm). Price £35.00

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Defeat of Darius by Alexander the Great 331BC by Francois Joseph Watteau.

Defeat of Darius by Alexander the Great 331BC by Francois Joseph Watteau.

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Air Armada by Robert Taylor.

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Defeat of Darius by Alexander the Great 331BC by Francois Louis Joseph Watteau.

The Battle of Guagamela 1st October 331BC. Alexander marched to Tyre, then to eastwood to cross the Euphrates and the River Tigris. Alexander was offered by Darius a large quantity of gold (worth over 500million pounds in todays terms) half his kingdom and the hand of his daughter. Alexander refused and a moth later the battle took place. Alexander was outnumbered 4 to 1 but he noticed a weak spot in the Persian line. He led the charge which was a great success and Darius fled the field. Seeing this panic spread through the Persian forces, Dariuss army crumbled. Later Darius was murdered by Persian nobles.

Open edition print. Image size 24 inches x 14 inches (61cm x 36cm). Price £43.00


Open edition print. Image size 12 inches x 7 inches (31cm x 18cm). Price £14.00


**Open edition print. Image size 24 inches x 14 inches (61cm x 36cm). Price £24.00


**Open edition print. (3 copies reduced to clear) Image size 12 inches x 7 inches (31cm x 18cm). Price £8.00

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Defeat of Porus by Alexander the Great 326BC by Francois Louis Joseph Watteau.

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Battle of Gaugamela, 1st October 331BC by J Brueghel.

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Battle of Issus by Albrecht Altdorfer.

Painted in the 15th Century, the artist having no concept of military dress of the time of Alexander, painted figures in the armour of the 14/15th centuries.

Open edition print. Image size 15 inches x 23 inches (38cm x 58cm). Price £43.00


Open edition print. Image size 8 inches x 12 inches (20cm x 31cm). Price £14.00


Limited edition of 200 giclee canvas prints. Image size 30 inches x 20 inches (76cm x 51cm). Price £390.00


**Open edition print. (2 copies reduced to clear) Image size 15 inches x 23 inches (38cm x 58cm). Price £35.00

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Battle of Issus 333 B.C. by Mark Churms.

High quality art paper edition, limited to 950 copies. Image size 20 inches x 25 inches (51cm x 64cm). Price £330.00


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The Amazon Queen Thalestris in the Camp of Alexander by Johann George Platzer. (GL)

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Limited edition of 200 prints. £500.00
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The Amazon Queen Thalestris in the Camp of Alexander by Johann George Platzer. (GL)

Limited edition of 200 prints. Image size 36 inches x 24 inches (91cm x 61cm). Price £500.00


Limited edition of 200 giclee canvas prints. Image size 30 inches x 20 inches (76cm x 51cm). Price £390.00

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